1#[cfg(test)]
2mod test;
3
4use crate::{
5 math::{
6 Scalar, random_uniform,
7 special::{inverse_langevin, langevin, langevin_derivative, sinhc},
8 },
9 mechanics::CurrentCoordinate,
10 physics::molecular::single_chain::{
11 Configuration, Ensemble, Inextensible, Isometric, Isotensional, Legendre, MonteCarlo,
12 SingleChain, SingleChainError, Thermodynamics,
13 },
14};
15use std::f64::consts::{PI, TAU};
16
17#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
19pub struct FreelyJointedChain {
20 pub link_length: Scalar,
22 pub number_of_links: u8,
24 pub ensemble: Ensemble,
26}
27
28impl SingleChain for FreelyJointedChain {
29 fn link_length(&self) -> Scalar {
30 self.link_length
31 }
32 fn number_of_links(&self) -> u8 {
33 self.number_of_links
34 }
35}
36
37impl Inextensible for FreelyJointedChain {
38 fn maximum_nondimensional_extension(&self) -> Scalar {
42 1.0
43 }
44}
45
46impl Thermodynamics for FreelyJointedChain {
47 fn ensemble(&self) -> Ensemble {
48 self.ensemble
49 }
50}
51
52impl Isometric for FreelyJointedChain {
53 fn nondimensional_helmholtz_free_energy(
54 &self,
55 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
56 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
57 self.nondimensional_extension_check(nondimensional_extension)?;
58 if nondimensional_extension == 0.0 {
59 Ok(0.0)
60 } else {
61 let [s0, _, _] = treloar_sums(self.number_of_links(), nondimensional_extension);
62 Ok(nondimensional_extension.abs().ln() - s0.ln())
63 }
64 }
65 fn nondimensional_force(
69 &self,
70 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
71 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
72 self.nondimensional_extension_check(nondimensional_extension)?;
73 if nondimensional_extension == 0.0 {
74 Ok(0.0)
75 } else {
76 let [s0, s1, _] = treloar_sums(self.number_of_links(), nondimensional_extension);
77 let n = self.number_of_links() as Scalar;
78 Ok((1.0 / nondimensional_extension + (0.5 * n - 1.0) * s1 / s0) / n)
79 }
80 }
81 fn nondimensional_stiffness(
85 &self,
86 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
87 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
88 self.nondimensional_extension_check(nondimensional_extension)?;
89 if nondimensional_extension == 0.0 {
90 Ok(Scalar::NAN)
91 } else {
92 let [s0, s1, s2] = treloar_sums(self.number_of_links(), nondimensional_extension);
93
94 if !s0.is_finite() || s0 == 0.0 {
95 return Ok(Scalar::NAN);
96 }
97
98 let n = self.number_of_links() as Scalar;
99 let p = n - 2.0;
100 let b = (0.5 * n - 1.0) / n;
101
102 let ds0dx = -(p / 2.0) * s1;
103 let ds1dx = -((p - 1.0) / 2.0) * s2;
104 let d_ratio_dx = (ds1dx * s0 - s1 * ds0dx) / (s0 * s0);
105
106 Ok(-1.0 / (n * nondimensional_extension * nondimensional_extension) + b * d_ratio_dx)
107 }
108 }
109 fn nondimensional_spherical_distribution(
113 &self,
114 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
115 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
116 self.nondimensional_extension_check(nondimensional_extension)?;
117 if nondimensional_extension <= 0.0 || nondimensional_extension >= 1.0 {
118 Ok(0.0)
119 } else {
120 let number_of_links = self.number_of_links();
121 let [s0, _, _] = treloar_sums(number_of_links, nondimensional_extension);
122 let n = number_of_links as Scalar;
123 let factorial_n_minus_2 = (1..=(number_of_links - 2))
124 .map(|i| i as Scalar)
125 .product::<Scalar>();
126 Ok((n.powf(n) / (8.0 * PI * nondimensional_extension * factorial_n_minus_2)) * s0)
127 }
128 }
129}
130
131impl Isotensional for FreelyJointedChain {
132 fn nondimensional_gibbs_free_energy_per_link(
136 &self,
137 nondimensional_force: Scalar,
138 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
139 Ok(-sinhc(nondimensional_force).ln())
140 }
141 fn nondimensional_extension(
145 &self,
146 nondimensional_force: Scalar,
147 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
148 Ok(langevin(nondimensional_force))
149 }
150 fn nondimensional_compliance(
154 &self,
155 nondimensional_force: Scalar,
156 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
157 Ok(langevin_derivative(nondimensional_force))
158 }
159}
160
161impl Legendre for FreelyJointedChain {
162 fn nondimensional_force(
166 &self,
167 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
168 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
169 self.nondimensional_extension_check(nondimensional_extension)?;
170 Ok(inverse_langevin(nondimensional_extension))
171 }
172 fn nondimensional_spherical_distribution(
176 &self,
177 nondimensional_extension: Scalar,
178 ) -> Result<Scalar, SingleChainError> {
179 let nondimensional_force = Legendre::nondimensional_force(self, nondimensional_extension)?;
180 Ok(
181 (((nondimensional_force * (1.0 - nondimensional_extension)).exp()
182 - (-nondimensional_force * (1.0 + nondimensional_extension)).exp())
183 / 2.0
184 / nondimensional_force)
185 .powi(self.number_of_links() as i32)
186 / normalization(self.number_of_links()),
187 )
188 }
189}
190
191impl MonteCarlo for FreelyJointedChain {
192 fn random_nondimensional_link_vectors(&self, nondimensional_force: Scalar) -> Configuration {
193 let eta = nondimensional_force;
194 let eta_exp = eta.exp();
195 let eta_nexp = 1.0 / eta_exp;
196 (0..self.number_of_links())
197 .map(|_| {
198 let cos_theta = if eta == 0.0 {
199 2.0 * random_uniform() - 1.0
200 } else {
201 (eta_nexp + random_uniform() * (eta_exp - eta_nexp)).ln() / eta
202 };
203 let sin_theta = (1.0 - cos_theta * cos_theta).sqrt();
204 let phi = TAU * random_uniform();
205 let (sin_phi, cos_phi) = phi.sin_cos();
206 CurrentCoordinate::from([sin_theta * cos_phi, sin_theta * sin_phi, cos_theta])
207 })
208 .collect()
209 }
210}
211
212fn treloar_sums(number_of_links: u8, x: Scalar) -> [Scalar; 3] {
213 if number_of_links <= 2 {
214 return [Scalar::NAN; 3];
215 }
216 let n = number_of_links as Scalar;
217 let p = (number_of_links - 2) as i32;
218 let m = 0.5 * (1.0 - x);
219 let k = ((n * m).ceil() as usize)
220 .saturating_sub(1)
221 .min(number_of_links as usize);
222 let k_float = n * m;
223 if (k_float - k_float.round()).abs() == 0.0 {
224 return [Scalar::NAN; 3];
225 }
226 let mut binom = 1.0;
227 let mut s0 = 0.0;
228 let mut s1 = 0.0;
229 let mut s2 = 0.0;
230 for s in 0..=k {
231 let sign = if s % 2 == 0 { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
232 let t = m - (s as Scalar) / n;
233 let t0 = if p >= 0 {
234 t.powi(p)
235 } else if t == 0.0 {
236 0.0
237 } else {
238 t.powi(p)
239 };
240 let t1 = if p > 0 {
241 t.powi(p - 1)
242 } else if t == 0.0 {
243 0.0
244 } else {
245 t.powi(p - 1)
246 };
247 let t2 = if p > 1 {
248 t.powi(p - 2)
249 } else if t == 0.0 {
250 0.0
251 } else {
252 t.powi(p - 2)
253 };
254 s0 += sign * binom * t0;
255 s1 += sign * binom * t1;
256 s2 += sign * binom * t2;
257 let sf = s as Scalar;
258 binom *= (n - sf) / (sf + 1.0);
259 }
260 [s0, s1, s2]
261}
262
263fn normalization(number_of_links: u8) -> Scalar {
264 match number_of_links {
265 0 => Scalar::NAN,
266 1 => 1.389_063_303_837_301_3,
267 2 => 0.714_480_944_477_587_6,
268 3 => 0.446_182_225_454_993_8,
269 4 => 0.310_582_574_239_989_03,
270 5 => 0.231_583_731_936_937_35,
271 6 => 0.181_026_390_997_248_38,
272 7 => 0.146_444_713_993_307_1,
273 8 => 0.121_590_329_098_661_26,
274 9 => 0.103_031_548_251_807_95,
275 10 => 0.088_746_746_615_799_2,
276 11 => 0.077_477_021_054_147_71,
277 12 => 0.068_402_348_281_970_37,
278 13 => 0.060_968_329_153_341_53,
279 14 => 0.054_788_235_109_506_34,
280 15 => 0.049_585_008_268_986_38,
281 16 => 0.045_155_543_187_723_454,
282 17 => 0.041_347_934_607_350_624,
283 18 => 0.038_046_552_454_682_33,
284 19 => 0.035_161_995_757_729_23,
285 20 => 0.032_624_174_659_916_245,
286 21 => 0.030_377_448_781_842_47,
287 22 => 0.028_377_147_909_992_65,
288 23 => 0.026_587_040_753_179_49,
289 24 => 0.024_977_465_826_024_475,
290 25 => 0.023_523_932_434_435_773,
291 26 => 0.022_206_060_476_346_62,
292 27 => 0.021_006_767_816_333_316,
293 28 => 0.019_911_640_864_367_884,
294 29 => 0.018_908_442_314_802_338,
295 30 => 0.017_986_722_687_273_728,
296 31 => 0.017_137_511_214_426_318,
297 32 => 0.016_353_067_950_360_97,
298 33 => 0.015_626_683_526_651_468,
299 34 => 0.014_952_516_294_544_284,
300 35 => 0.014_325_459_026_026_574,
301 36 => 0.013_741_029_152_869_741,
302 37 => 0.013_195_277_875_651_702,
303 38 => 0.012_684_714_496_711_45,
304 39 => 0.012_206_243_109_212_051,
305 40 => 0.011_757_109_371_641_886,
306 41 => 0.011_334_855_558_612_255,
307 42 => 0.010_937_282_437_959_286,
308 43 => 0.010_562_416_805_450_496,
309 44 => 0.010_208_483_730_069_894,
310 45 => 0.009_873_882_738_568_507,
311 46 => 0.009_557_167_308_025_053,
312 47 => 0.009_257_027_147_393_918,
313 48 => 0.008_972_272_839_407_26,
314 49 => 0.008_701_822_487_349_997,
315 50 => 0.008_444_690_070_700_62,
316 51 => 0.008_199_975_262_200_628,
317 52 => 0.007_966_854_498_747_187,
318 53 => 0.007_744_573_131_302_788,
319 54 => 0.007_532_438_506_130_219,
320 55 => 0.007_329_813_852_159_101,
321 56 => 0.007_136_112_868_025_883,
322 57 => 0.006_950_794_917_986_018,
323 58 => 0.006_773_360_759_023_209,
324 59 => 0.006_603_348_732_523_006,
325 60 => 0.006_440_331_363_193_850_5,
326 61 => 0.006_283_912_315_803_12,
327 62 => 0.006_133_723_666_987_055,
328 63 => 0.005_989_423_455_088_637,
329 64 => 0.005_850_693_475_837_429,
330 65 => 0.005_717_237_295_843_889,
331 66 => 0.005_588_778_459_447_456,
332 67 => 0.005_465_058_867_524_899,
333 68 => 0.005_345_837_309_508_891,
334 69 => 0.005_230_888_132_150_507,
335 70 => 0.005_120_000_030_536_583,
336 71 => 0.005_012_974_948_588_448,
337 72 => 0.004_909_627_077_760_272,
338 73 => 0.004_809_781_943_954_87,
339 74 => 0.004_713_275_573_809_406_5,
340 75 => 0.004_619_953_732_495_746,
341 76 => 0.004_529_671_226_049_816,
342 77 => 0.004_442_291_262_007_673_5,
343 78 => 0.004_357_684_862_797_343,
344 79 => 0.004_275_730_326_926_852,
345 80 => 0.004_196_312_733_530_766,
346 81 => 0.004_119_323_486_298_74,
347 82 => 0.004_044_659_893_217_922,
348 83 => 0.003_972_224_778_923_046,
349 84 => 0.003_901_926_126_769_502,
350 85 => 0.003_833_676_748_030_511_5,
351 86 => 0.003_767_393_975_874_093_7,
352 87 => 0.003_702_999_382_002_534_4,
353 88 => 0.003_640_418_514_039_760_3,
354 89 => 0.003_579_580_651_933_304,
355 90 => 0.003_520_418_581_799_841,
356 91 => 0.003_462_868_385_788_78,
357 92 => 0.003_406_869_246_668_994,
358 93 => 0.003_352_363_265_961_134_8,
359 94 => 0.003_299_295_294_543_597_2,
360 95 => 0.003_247_612_774_755_336_3,
361 96 => 0.003_197_265_593_104_502_5,
362 97 => 0.003_148_205_942_769_372,
363 98 => 0.003_100_388_195_147_996,
364 99 => 0.003_053_768_779_776_389_4,
365 100 => 0.003_008_306_071_992_423_4,
366 101 => 0.002_963_960_287_774_609_6,
367 102 => 0.002_920_693_385_232_166,
368 103 => 0.002_878_468_972_265_675,
369 104 => 0.002_837_252_219_956_577_4,
370 105 => 0.002_797_009_781_279_318,
371 106 => 0.002_757_709_714_762_243_4,
372 107 => 0.002_719_321_412_752_858,
373 108 => 0.002_681_815_533_969_964_8,
374 109 => 0.002_645_163_940_049_785,
375 110 => 0.002_609_339_635_815_636,
376 111 => 0.002_574_316_713_021_305,
377 112 => 0.002_540_070_297_337_108_2,
378 113 => 0.002_506_576_498_364_846,
379 114 => 0.002_473_812_362_483_738,
380 115 => 0.002_441_755_828_343_935,
381 116 => 0.002_410_385_684_837_54,
382 117 => 0.002_379_681_531_389_384_6,
383 118 => 0.002_349_623_740_421_053,
384 119 => 0.002_320_193_421_852_075,
385 120 => 0.002_291_372_389_511_768,
386 121 => 0.002_263_143_129_344_052_4,
387 122 => 0.002_235_488_769_295_701_7,
388 123 => 0.002_208_393_050_786_021,
389 124 => 0.002_181_840_301_662_884_3,
390 125 => 0.002_155_815_410_556_500_4,
391 126 => 0.002_130_303_802_548_212_4,
392 127 => 0.002_105_291_416_077_128,
393 128 => 0.002_080_764_681_012_503,
394 129 => 0.002_056_710_497_824_479_8,
395 130 => 0.002_033_116_217_790_202_3,
396 131 => 0.002_009_969_624_176_372,
397 132 => 0.001_987_258_914_343_074,
398 133 => 0.001_964_972_682_717_241_4,
399 134 => 0.001_943_099_904_587_340_1,
400 135 => 0.001_921_629_920_673_915_4,
401 136 => 0.001_900_552_422_433_467_6,
402 137 => 0.001_879_857_438_055_702_6,
403 138 => 0.001_859_535_319_116_718_1,
404 139 => 0.001_839_576_727_852_897_4,
405 140 => 0.001_819_972_625_022_462_4,
406 141 => 0.001_800_714_258_323_577,
407 142 => 0.001_781_793_151_339_777_3,
408 143 => 0.001_763_201_092_985_212,
409 144 => 0.001_744_930_127_423_801_3,
410 145 => 0.001_726_972_544_437_928,
411 146 => 0.001_709_320_870_223_689,
412 147 => 0.001_691_967_858_591_060_8,
413 148 => 0.001_674_906_482_548_559_4,
414 149 => 0.001_658_129_926_253_140_5,
415 150 => 0.001_641_631_577_307_177_5,
416 151 => 0.001_625_405_019_385_355_6,
417 152 => 0.001_609_444_025_175_287_7,
418 153 => 0.001_593_742_549_616_558,
419 154 => 0.001_578_294_723_423_718_3,
420 155 => 0.001_563_094_846_879_572_4,
421 156 => 0.001_548_137_383_885_819,
422 157 => 0.001_533_416_956_258_811_4,
423 158 => 0.001_518_928_338_258_862_9,
424 159 => 0.001_504_666_451_342_125,
425 160 => 0.001_490_626_359_124_665_4,
426 161 => 0.001_476_803_262_548_898,
427 162 => 0.001_463_192_495_243_045,
428 163 => 0.001_449_789_519_064_795,
429 164 => 0.001_436_589_919_820_758_2,
430 165 => 0.001_423_589_403_153_785_4,
431 166 => 0.001_410_783_790_590_583,
432 167 => 0.001_398_169_015_742_466_7,
433 168 => 0.001_385_741_120_652_447_7,
434 169 => 0.001_373_496_252_282_184_2,
435 170 => 0.001_361_430_659_132_658_5,
436 171 => 0.001_349_540_687_992_734_2,
437 172 => 0.001_337_822_780_810_052_7,
438 173 => 0.001_326_273_471_678_944_4,
439 174 => 0.001_314_889_383_940_535_3,
440 175 => 0.001_303_667_227_389_772_3,
441 176 => 0.001_292_603_795_585_479_2,
442 177 => 0.001_281_695_963_258_609_4,
443 178 => 0.001_270_940_683_814_773_4,
444 179 => 0.001_260_334_986_927_068_6,
445 180 => 0.001_249_875_976_215_474_5,
446 181 => 0.001_239_560_827_009_231_7,
447 182 => 0.001_229_386_784_188_803_6,
448 183 => 0.001_219_351_160_104_175_2,
449 184 => 0.001_209_451_332_566_384_2,
450 185 => 0.001_199_684_742_909_333_8,
451 186 => 0.001_190_048_894_119_060_9,
452 187 => 0.001_180_541_349_027_766_8,
453 188 => 0.001_171_159_728_570_035,
454 189 => 0.001_161_901_710_098_784_4,
455 190 => 0.001_152_765_025_758_600_2,
456 191 => 0.001_143_747_460_914_206_6,
457 192 => 0.001_134_846_852_631_931_8,
458 193 => 0.001_126_061_088_212_113_2,
459 194 => 0.001_117_388_103_770_484_4,
460 195 => 0.001_108_825_882_866_665,
461 196 => 0.001_100_372_455_177_960_5,
462 197 => 0.001_092_025_895_216_747_5,
463 198 => 0.001_083_784_321_089_808_8,
464 199 => 0.001_075_645_893_298_036_3,
465 200 => 0.001_067_608_813_574_995_4,
466 201 => 0.001_059_671_323_762_909_2,
467 202 => 0.001_051_831_704_724_672_7,
468 203 => 0.001_044_088_275_290_578_8,
469 204 => 0.001_036_439_391_238_473_6,
470 205 => 0.001_028_883_444_306_137,
471 206 => 0.001_021_418_861_234_703,
472 207 => 0.001_014_044_102_842_014_4,
473 208 => 0.001_006_757_663_124_827_5,
474 209 => 0.000_999_558_068_388_836_5,
475 210 => 0.000_992_443_876_405_530_2,
476 211 => 0.000_985_413_675_594_929_3,
477 212 => 0.000_978_466_084_233_29,
478 213 => 0.000_971_599_749_684_902_6,
479 214 => 0.000_964_813_347_657_139_1,
480 215 => 0.000_958_105_581_477_943_6,
481 216 => 0.000_951_475_181_394_988_1,
482 217 => 0.000_944_920_903_895_750_9,
483 218 => 0.000_938_441_531_047_793_8,
484 219 => 0.000_932_035_869_858_555_4,
485 220 => 0.000_925_702_751_653_993_6,
486 221 => 0.000_919_441_031_475_440_3,
487 222 => 0.000_913_249_587_494_056_1,
488 223 => 0.000_907_127_320_442_295_6,
489 224 => 0.000_901_073_153_061_812_5,
490 225 => 0.000_895_086_029_567_262_1,
491 226 => 0.000_889_164_915_125_473_2,
492 227 => 0.000_883_308_795_349_485_9,
493 228 => 0.000_877_516_675_806_960_8,
494 229 => 0.000_871_787_581_542_502_7,
495 230 => 0.000_866_120_556_613_433,
496 231 => 0.000_860_514_663_638_586_4,
497 232 => 0.000_854_968_983_359_706_2,
498 233 => 0.000_849_482_614_215_034_8,
499 234 => 0.000_844_054_671_924_712_5,
500 235 => 0.000_838_684_289_087_606_4,
501 236 => 0.000_833_370_614_789_207_2,
502 237 => 0.000_828_112_814_220_247_1,
503 238 => 0.000_822_910_068_305_699,
504 239 => 0.000_817_761_573_343_835,
505 240 => 0.000_812_666_540_655_029_1,
506 241 => 0.000_807_624_196_240_001_8,
507 242 => 0.000_802_633_780_447_217_2,
508 243 => 0.000_797_694_547_649_146_8,
509 244 => 0.000_792_805_765_927_132_3,
510 245 => 0.000_787_966_716_764_583_6,
511 246 => 0.000_783_176_694_748_257,
512 247 => 0.000_778_435_007_277_372_5,
513 248 => 0.000_773_740_974_280_329_3,
514 249 => 0.000_769_093_927_938_796_6,
515 250 => 0.000_764_493_212_418_953_9,
516 251 => 0.000_759_938_183_609_671_9,
517 252 => 0.000_755_428_208_867_465_4,
518 253 => 0.000_750_962_666_767_783,
519 254 => 0.000_746_540_946_863_032_5,
520 255 => 0.000_742_162_449_446_367_6,
521 }
522}